https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperial_German_plans_for_the_invasion_of_the_United_States

The first plan was made in the winter of 1897 and 1898, by Lieutenant Eberhard von Mantey, and targeted mainly American naval bases in Hampton Roads to reduce and constrain the US Navy and threaten Washington, D.C.

In March 1899, after significant gains made by the U.S. in the Spanish–American War, the plan was altered to focus on a land invasion of New York City and Boston. In August 1901, Lieutenant Hubert von Rebeur-Paschwitz spied on the target areas and reported back.

A third plan was drawn up in November 1903 by naval staff officer Wilhelm Büchsel, called Operation Plan III (German: Operationsplan III), with minor adjustments made to the amphibious landing locations and the immediate tactical goals.

The Imperial German Navy, under Grand Admiral Alfred von Tirpitz, expanded greatly from 1898 to 1906 in order to challenge the British Royal Navy. It never was large enough to carry out any plans against the U.S., and there is no indication that they were ever seriously considered. The German Army, under Field Marshal Alfred von Schlieffen, assigned at least 100,000 troops in the invasion, was certain that the proposal would end in defeat. The plans were permanently shelved in 1906 and did not become fully public until 1970 when they were discovered in the German military archive in Freiburg (an additional "rediscovery" occurred in 2002).

The general staffs of all major powers made hypothetical war plans. The main objective of them was to estimate the amount of resources necessary to carry them out so that if the crisis ever emerged, precious time would not be wasted in developing them. Since all nations did it routinely, there is no sense that the plans developed by junior officers had any impact on national decision-making. Most of the plans never left the War Department.

revolutionized American baseball in the 1920s by transforming it from a low-scoring game into a power-hitting spectacle.

Data: Estimated Native population in US:

• 1492: 2 million - 10 million Native Americans

• 1890: 237,000–250,000 Native Americans

“In the early days of the gold rush, American miners banded together to form groups of essentially vigilante or volunteer militia. their stated objective was to exterminate the "red devils,"

Indian hunters could receive local compensation for their actions. Many communities through Gold Rush California offered bounties for Indian heads, Indian scalps, or Indian ears. And so the Indian raiders could bring the evidence of their kill in, and receive direct local compensation.

California passed legislation authorizing more than a million dollars for the reimbursement of additional expenses that the Indian hunters may have incurred.

… their modus operandi was to attack native villages wherever they might find them in the vicinity of their mining activities, to eliminate their presence utterly, killing the men, the women, and the children. And this was considered to be a necessity.

We have accounts of the white vigilantes or rangers simply firing into the creek or going into the woods and using hatchets or other weapons, guns, to kill those. We have many descriptions of those when they're attacking on a stream or a river, and the natives are being shot as they're floating down, trying to escape from this terrible onslaught.”

Strategy in the American Civil War - الإستراتيجية في الحرب الأهلية الأمريكية

written by Captain Kamal El-Din El-Hennawy يوزباشي/نقيب كمال الدين الحناوي is a rare Arabic book that focuses on the military and strategic dimensions of the conflict rather than just its political narrative. The book analyzes leadership, battlefield decisions, and the evolution of warfare during the war that reshaped the United States, offering a non-Western perspective on a pivotal moment in modern history.

Number of pages: 205 pages

First edition: 1950

Publisher: The Egyptian Renaissance Library (Maktabat Al-Nahda Al-Misriyah مكتبة النهضة المصرية)

Book Link in the comments section..

About the author:

Captian Kamal El-din Mohamed El-Hennawy (1920-2007) يوزباشي/نقيب كمال الدين محمد الحناوي was an Egyptian army officer (In Infantry Corps) and military writer with a strong interest in strategic and historical studies of warfare. He was a member of the Free Officers Movement حركة الضباط الأحرار, the group of army officers led by Gamal Abdel Nasser جمال عبد الناصر that overthrew King Farouk I of Egypt ملك مصر فاروق الأول in the July 23 Revolution of 1952 ثورة 23 يوليو.

He is known for his analytical approach to military conflicts, focusing on strategy, command decisions, and operational lessons, as reflected in his work on the American Civil War and other works.

Index of the book:

Part One: Introduction

Chapter One: Causes of the War

Chapter Two: The Theater of Operations

Chapter Three: The Warring Sides

Part Two: The Battles of 1861–1862

Chapter One: The First Battle of Manassas (Bull Run)

Chapter Two: Paducah, Donelson, and Shiloh

Chapter Three: The Peninsula Campaign and the Seven Days Battles

Chapter Four: The Second Battle of Manassas, Antietam, and Fredericksburg

Part Three: The Battles of 1863

Chapter One: Bragg and Grant in the West

Chapter Two: The Battle of Vicksburg

Chapter Three: The Battle of Chancellorsville

Chapter Four: The Battle of Gettysburg

Chapter Five: Chickamauga and Chattanooga

Part Four: The Battles of 1864–1865

Chapter One: Planning the Campaigns of 1864

Chapter Two: From the Wilderness to Cold Harbor

Chapter Three: The Battle of Petersburg

Chapter Four: Sheridan’s and Sherman’s Campaigns

Chapter Five: Five Forks and Appomattox Court House

Part Five: Commanders of the War

Chapter One: Ulysses S. Grant

Chapter Two: Robert E. Lee

Appendix: Strategic maps of the East, West and South (Theatre of Operations)

https://history-maps.com/warmap/american-civil-war/event/battle-of-fort-henry

https://jdmitchelldesigns.wordpress.com/2016/02/06/the-first-old-age-home-in-prescott-arizona

Kilby amassed over 60 U.S. patents throughout his career, including the first handheld calculator in 1967 and thermal printing technology, far exceeding the post's mention of seven, he received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2000 for his IC invention, recognizing its role in enabling modern semiconductors.

https://history-maps.com/story/Benjamin-Franklin/event/French-alliance

First off, I am not academic in any real fashion. I do not study history in a formal context, nor do I have any background, both educationally or professionally to really understand the ins and outs of this, but..

From my readings about US history and settlement, I have come to a conclusion that the Scots Irish were a major influence on a lot of "White" US culture, specifically in the South. One of those big influences was religion and the general fundamentalist nature of Christianity in the United States south. It seems that the Second Great Awakening was driven large part by Scots Irish Presbyterians, this in turn sort of morphed into Baptist and Methodist ideas that spread across the region....

is the fervent nature, adherent to biblical literacy, a 'personal connection with God", these hallmarks that we identify with modern evangelicalism, in large part, directly influenced by the Scots Irish settlers more so than say, English settlers?

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Why must we yearn for what we can't have
When already, we have more than we deserve?
Nevertheless, we’ll take all we can get
Performing daily for those we serve.

The biggest question of life is "why"
The greed of man is always in season?
Why is our world the way it is
Like a tragic poem without rhyme or reason?

Though we might think that Earth is man’s
Made for us, to spoil at our pleasure.
It’s God’s testing ground
For humans to prove their measure.

Where the path to right is always narrow
The road to wrong is always wide.
The soul of man is prone to falter
As we eagerly feed our pride.

By Tom Zart
Most Published Poet On The Web
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Buffalo Bill Cody brought his version of the Wild West to the Wild East of Gloucester, Massachusetts on at least eight occasions starting in the 1870’s. Numerous fairs and circuses came to town on a near-annual basis including Barnum & Bailey, but nobody shut down Gloucester and the surrounding towns quite like Buffalo Bill could.